"Fusūq" (1).

4105 - Muhammad ibn Bashshār informed us, saying: ʿAbd al-Raḥmān narrated to us, saying: Shuʿbah narrated to us, from Abū Isḥāq, who said: I heard Abū al-Aḥwaṣ, from ʿAbd Allāh, who said: Reviling a Muslim is fusūq (wickedness), and fighting him is kufr (disbelief) (2).

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(1) A sound ḥadīth, and this chain's narrators are trustworthy, except ʿUmar ibn Saʿd ibn Abī Waqqāṣ, for he is ṣadūq (truthful). Maʿmar — who is Ibn Rāshid al-Baṣrī — differed from the other narrators of Abū Isḥāq — who is ʿAmr ibn ʿAbd Allāh al-Sabīʿī — for he narrated it from Abū Isḥāq, from ʿUmar ibn Saʿd, from Saʿd. But the others narrated it — as will come in the takhrīj — from Abū Isḥāq, from Muḥammad ibn Saʿd, from Saʿd. Al-Bukhārī said in al-Tārīkh al-Kabīr 1/89: This is more correct. And al-Dāraquṭnī said in al-ʿIlal 4/358: The correct version is the ḥadīth of Muḥammad ibn Saʿd.
The ḥadīth is in al-Sunan al-Kubrā under number (3553).
It is in ʿAbd al-Razzāq's Muṣannaf (20224), and from his path Aḥmad (1519) also narrated it, with an addition at its end.
Aḥmad (1537) also narrated it via Zakariyyā ibn Abī Zāʾidah, and the author in al-Kubrā (3554) via Isrāʾīl, and Ibn Mājah (3941) via Sharīk ibn ʿAbd Allāh al-Nakhaʿī — all three of them from Abū Isḥāq, from Muḥammad ibn Saʿd, from Saʿd, with it.
Al-Sindī said: His saying "kufr" means: it is among the deeds of the people of disbelief, for they are the ones who intend to fight the Muslims. Interpreting it as referring to fighting while deeming it lawful leads to the invalidity of the contrast, because reviling while deeming it lawful is also kufr, so let this be considered. And "al-sibāb" — with a kasrah on the unpointed sīn and a lightened bāʾ — means: insulting him. "Fusūq" means: it is among the deeds of the people of wickedness.

(2) Its chain is sound, and there is disagreement concerning it regarding Abū al-Aḥwaṣ — who is ʿAwf ibn Mālik ibn Naḍlah al-Jushamī — as to whether it is mawqūf (stopped at the Companion) or marfūʿ (raised to the Prophet). Al-Dāraquṭnī said in al-ʿIlal 5/324: The mawqūf version from Abū al-Aḥwaṣ is more correct. ʿAbd al-Raḥmān: he is Ibn Mahdī, and Abū Isḥāq: he is ʿAmr ibn ʿAbd Allāh al-Sabīʿī.
It is in al-Sunan al-Kubrā under number (3555).
I say: Although it is sound in this narration and others as mawqūf, it has the ruling of marfūʿ, because something like this is not said by personal opinion, especially since its raising has been established from more than one path, as will come.
It was also narrated — at great length — by Ibn Mājah (46) via Mūsā ibn ʿUqbah, from Abū Isḥāq, from =