2420 - Makhlad ibn al-Hasan informed us, saying: ʿUbayd Allah narrated to us, from Zayd ibn Abī Unaysah, from Abū Isḥāq, from Jarīr ibn ʿAbd Allah, from the Prophet ﷺ, who said: "Fasting three days of every month is fasting the entire time (al-dahr), and the white days (ayyām al-bīḍ) are the morning of the thirteenth, the fourteenth, and the fifteenth."(1)

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= [This is] upon al-Ḥasan ibn ʿUbayd Allah, as will follow. It is in al-Sunan al-Kubrā, no. (2740).

And ʿAbd al-Raḥīm ibn Sulaymān narrated it—as Abū Yaʿlā (6898) and al-Ṭabarānī in al-Kabīr 23/(397) reported—from al-Ḥasan ibn ʿUbayd Allah, from al-Ḥurr ibn al-Ṣayyāḥ, from Hunaydah al-Khuzāʿī, from his wife, from Umm Salamah. He said therein: "from his wife," instead of "from his mother."

Al-Sindī said: His statement, "he used to command fasting three days: the first Thursday, and Monday and Monday," indicates that he used to command repeating Monday, and it has already preceded from his action that he used to repeat Thursday. Thus the combined [reports] indicate that what is sought is to perform the three days' fast on these two days, either by repeating Thursday or by repeating Monday, and both ways are permissible. And Allah knows best.

(1) Its chain is sound if the hearing of Abū Isḥāq—who is ʿAmr ibn ʿAbd Allah al-Sabīʿī—from Jarīr ibn ʿAbd Allah is established; otherwise, its first part is sound due to corroborating evidence, and its second part is good due to corroborating evidence. ʿUbayd Allah: he is Ibn ʿAmr al-Raqqī. It is in al-Sunan al-Kubrā, no. (2741).

His statement, "Fasting three days of every month is fasting the entire time," is supported by the ḥadīth of ʿAbd Allah ibn ʿAmr ibn al-ʿĀṣ, which has preceded under numbers (2392), (2397), and (2399) with sound chains.

His statement, "And the white days are the morning of the thirteenth, the fourteenth, and the fifteenth," is supported by the ḥadīth of Abū Dharr coming under number (2422), and its chain is good.

Al-Sindī said: His statement, "And the white days (ayyām al-bīḍ)," i.e., the days of the white nights, due to the presence of the moon throughout the night. There is abbreviation in the ḥadīth, such as: "and the best of them is fasting the white days, and the white days are such-and-such." Some have mentioned that the wisdom in fasting them is that since the light pervades their nights, it is fitting that worship pervade their days. And it was said: the wisdom in that is that eclipses occur mostly in them and not in others, and we have been commanded to draw near to Allah through righteous deeds at the time of eclipses. And Allah knows best.