2446 — Musaddad narrated to us, Yahya — meaning Ibn Sa'id — narrated to us, from Mu'awiyah ibn Ghallab (H). And Musaddad narrated to us, Isma'il narrated to us, Hajib ibn 'Umar informed me, both — with the same meaning — from Al-Hakam ibn al-A'raj, who said:

I came to Ibn 'Abbas while he was resting his head on his cloak in the Sacred Mosque, and I asked him about fasting the day of 'Ashura'. He said: "When you see the crescent of al-Muharram, then count, and when it is the ninth day, then begin the morning fasting." I said: "Is this how Muhammad, peace and blessings be upon him, used to fast?" He said: "This is how Muhammad, peace and blessings be upon him, used to fast."(1)

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(1) Its chain of transmission is authentic. Musaddad: he is Ibn Musarhad al-Asadi, and Yahya ibn Sa'id: he is al-Qattan, and Mu'awiyah ibn Ghallab: he is Mu'awiyah ibn 'Amr ibn Khalid ibn Ghallab, and Isma'il: he is Ibn Ibrahim al-Asadi, and Al-Hakam ibn al-A'raj: he is Al-Hakam ibn 'Abdullah ibn Ishaq al-Basri.

Muslim also recorded it (1133), and al-Nasa'i in "al-Kubra" (2872) via the chain of Yahya ibn Sa'id, with this chain of transmission.

Muslim also recorded it (1133), and al-Tirmidhi (764) via the chain of Waki' ibn al-Jarrah, from Hajib ibn 'Umar, with it.

It is also in "Musnad Ahmad" (2135), and "Sahih Ibn Hibban" (3633). See what precedes it.

Ibn al-Qayyim said in "Tahdhib al-Sunan": The correct view is that the intent is fasting the ninth with the tenth, not shifting the day, because of what Ahmad narrated in his "Musnad" (2154) from the hadith of Ibn 'Abbas, raising it to the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, who said: "Differ from the Jews; fast a day before it or a day after it."

And 'Ata' said from Ibn 'Abbas: "Fast the ninth and the tenth, and differ from the Jews." Al-Bayhaqi mentioned it, and it clarifies that Ibn 'Abbas's statement — "When you see the crescent of al-Muharram, then count, and when it is the ninth day, then begin the morning fasting" — does not mean that 'Ashura' is the ninth, but rather he commanded him to fast the ninth day before 'Ashura'.