3873 - Muslim ibn Ibrahim narrated to us, Shu'bah narrated to us, from Simak, from 'Alqamah ibn Wa'il, from his father: He mentioned that Tariq ibn Suwayd, or Suwayd ibn Tariq, asked the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, about wine, and he forbade him. Then he asked him again, and he forbade him. So he said to him: "O Prophet of Allah, it is a medicine." The Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, said: "But it is a disease."

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We say: What bears witness to the fact that a monotheist who kills himself is not eternally condemned to the Fire is what Ahmad (14982) and Muslim (116) recorded on the authority of Jabir: that al-Tufayl ibn 'Amr al-Dawsi came to the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, and said: "O Messenger of Allah, would you like a fortified fortress and protection?" — referring to a fortress that Daws had possessed in the pre-Islamic period. But the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, declined that, for what Allah had reserved for the Ansar. When the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, migrated to Medina, al-Tufayl ibn 'Amr migrated to him, and a man from his people migrated with him. They found Medina's climate disagreeable, and the man fell ill and became distressed. He took some arrowheads and cut his knuckles with them, and his hands gushed with blood until he died. Al-Tufayl ibn 'Amr saw him in a dream, and saw him in a good state, with his hands covered. He said to him: "What did your Lord do with you?" He replied: "He forgave me for my migration to His Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him." He said: "Why do I see you covering your hands?" He replied: "It was said to me: 'We will not repair what you have corrupted.'" Al-Tufayl related this to the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, and the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, said: "O Allah, forgive his hands as well."

Imam al-Nawawi said in his "Sharh Muslim": In this hadith there is evidence for a great principle of the Ahl al-Sunnah: that whoever kills himself or commits another sin and dies without repentance is not an unbeliever, nor is it determined that he will be in the Fire. Rather, he is subject to Allah's will. And this hadith explains the hadiths preceding it whose apparent meaning suggests the eternal condemnation in the Fire of the one who kills himself and others among those who commit major sins. And Allah Most High knows best.

(1) Its chain is good because of Simak — and he is Ibn Harb — for he is truthful and of good hadith.
It was also recorded by Muslim (1984) and al-Tirmidhi (2169) via the path of Shu'bah, with this chain.
It is also in "Musnad Ahmad" (18788) and "Sahih Ibn Hibban" (1390).
Hammad ibn Salamah differed with Shu'bah regarding this hadith, narrating it from Simak, from 'Alqamah ibn Wa'il, from Tariq ibn Suwayd al-Hadrami, thus making it part of the musnad of Tariq ibn Suwayd rather than Wa'il ibn Hujr. It was recorded via his path by Ibn Majah (3500).
It is also in "Musnad Ahmad" (18787). Ibn 'Abd al-Barr in "al-Isti'ab," in the biography of Tariq ibn Suwayd, declared the chain of Hammad ibn Salamah to be sound.